CVE-2025-54590 – webfinger.js

Package

Manager: npm
Name: webfinger.js
Vulnerable Version: >=0 <2.8.1

Severity

Level: Medium

CVSS v3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

CVSS v4.0: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

EPSS: 0.00055 pctl0.17272

Details

webfinger.js Blind SSRF Vulnerability ### Description The lookup function takes a user address for checking accounts as a feature, however, as per the ActivityPub spec (https://www.w3.org/TR/activitypub/#security-considerations), on the security considerations section at B.3, access to Localhost services should be prevented while running in production. The library does not prevent Localhost access (neither does it prevent LAN addresses such as 192.168.x.x) , thus is not safe for use in production by ActivityPub applications. The only check for localhost is done for selecting between HTTP and HTTPS protocols, and it is done by testing for a host that starts with the string “localhost” and ends with a port. Anything else (such as “127.0.0.1” or “localhost:1234/abc”) would not be considered localhost for this test. In addition, the way that the function determines the host, makes it possible to access any path in the host, not only “/.well-known/...” paths: ```javascript if (address.indexOf('://') > -1) { // other uri format host = address.replace(/ /g,'').split('/')[2]; } else { // useraddress host = address.replace(/ /g,'').split('@')[1]; } var uri_index = 0; // track which URIS we've tried already var protocol = 'https'; // we use https by default if (self.__isLocalhost(host)) { protocol = 'http'; } function __buildURL() { var uri = ''; if (! address.split('://')[1]) { // the URI has not been defined, default to acct uri = 'acct:'; } return protocol + '://' + host + '/.well-known/' +URIS[uri_index] + '?resource=' + uri + address; } ``` If the address is in the format of a user address (user@host.com), the host will be anything after the first found @ symbol. Since no other test is done, an adversary may pass a specially crafted address such as user@localhost:7000/admin/restricted_page? and reach pages that would normally be out of reach. In this example, the code would treat localhost:7000/admin/restricted_page? as the host, and the created URL would be https://localhost:7000/admin/restricted_page?/.well-known/webfinger?resource=acct:use r@localhost:7000/admin/restricted_page?. A server listening on localhost:7000 will then parse the request as a GET request for the page /admin/restricted_page with the query string /.well-known/webfinger?resource=acct:user@localhost:7000/admin/restricted_page?. ### PoC and Steps to reproduce This PoC assumes that there is a server on the machine listening on port 3000, which receives requests for WebFinger lookups on the address /api/v1/search_user, and then calls the lookup function in webfinger.js with the user passed as an argument. For the sake of the example we assume that the server configured webfinger.js with tls_only=false. 1. Activate a local HTTP server listening to port 1234 with a “secret.txt” file: ``` python3 -m http.server 1234 ``` 2. Run the following command: ``` curl "http://localhost:3000/api/v1/search_user?search=user@localhost:1234/secret.txt ?" ``` 3. View the console of the Python’s HTTP server and see that a request for a “secret.txt?/.well-known/webfinger?resource=acct:user@localhost:1234/secret.txt ?” file was performed. This proves that we can redirect the URL to any domain and path we choose, including localhost and the internal LAN. ### Impact Due to this issue, any user can cause a server using the library to send GET requests with controlled host, path and port in an attempt to query services running on the instance’s host or local network, and attempt to execute a Blind-SSRF gadget in hope of targeting a known vulnerable local service running on the victim’s machine. ### References The vulnerability was discovered by Ori Hollander of the JFrog Vulnerability Research team.

Metadata

Created: 2025-07-28T16:41:06Z
Modified: 2025-08-01T18:36:22Z
Source: https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/07/GHSA-8xq3-w9fx-74rv/GHSA-8xq3-w9fx-74rv.json
CWE IDs: ["CWE-918"]
Alternative ID: GHSA-8xq3-w9fx-74rv
Finding: F100
Auto approve: 1