Insecure object reference - Data - Ruby

Need

Secure access control and data validation

Context

1. Requirement of Ruby 2.0 or higher for executing the code
2. Usage of Ruby on Rails for building web applications

Description

Insecure Code Example

class StoresController < ApplicationController
  def show
    @store = Store.find(params[:id])
  end

  def update
    @store = Store.find(params[:id])
    @store.update(store_params)
    redirect_to @store
  end

  private

  def store_params
    params.require(:store).permit(:name, :address)
  end
end

The above code is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) because it does not validate if the current user has the necessary permissions to access or modify the requested store. In the `show` and `update` actions, the `Store` object is fetched directly using the `id` parameter from the request without any access control checks. This means that if an attacker knows or guesses the `id` of a store, they can view or modify its details even if they are not authorized to do so. For example, in the `update` action, an attacker could potentially send a `PUT` request with a different `id` in the URL and modify the `name` and `address` of a store they do not own. Similarly, in the `show` action, an attacker could view the details of any store by simply changing the `id` in the URL.

Steps

1. Implement proper authorization checks to ensure that only authorized users can access and modify store information.
2. Use a role-based access control (RBAC) system to define and enforce permissions for accessing and modifying store information.
3. Validate the user's permissions before allowing them to access or modify store information.
4. Ensure that the store identifier is not exposed or easily guessable to prevent unauthorized access to other stores.
5. Consider implementing a multi-tenancy architecture to isolate data and prevent unauthorized access to other stores' data.
6. Regularly review and update the authorization logic to account for any changes in user roles or permissions.

Secure Code Example

class StoresController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_store, only: [:show, :update]
  before_action :authorize_store, only: [:show, :update]

  def show
  end

  def update
    if @store.update(store_params)
      redirect_to @store
    else
      render :edit
    end
  end

  private

  def set_store
    @store = Store.find(params[:id])
  end

  def authorize_store
    unless current_user.can_access_store?(@store)
      redirect_to root_path, alert: "You are not authorized to access this store."
    end
  end

  def store_params
    params.require(:store).permit(:name, :address)
  end
end

The updated code includes a `before_action` filter that sets the `@store` instance variable for the `show` and `update` actions. This reduces code duplication and ensures that the `@store` variable is always set before these actions are executed. The `authorize_store` method is another `before_action` filter that checks if the current user is authorized to access the `@store`. This is done by calling a hypothetical `can_access_store?` method on the `current_user` object. If the user is not authorized, they are redirected to the root path with an alert message. This method should be implemented in the User model and should contain the logic for checking if a user has the necessary permissions to access a store. The `update` action has been modified to handle the case where the store fails to update due to validation errors. If the update is successful, the user is redirected to the store, otherwise, the edit view is rendered again. This code assumes that you have a `current_user` method (commonly provided by authentication libraries like Devise) and that your User model has a `can_access_store?` method that takes a store as an argument and returns a boolean indicating whether the user has permission to access the store. This approach ensures that only authorized users can access and modify store information, which fixes the insecure direct object reference vulnerability.

References

Last updated

2023/09/18